安装Prometheus Server

使用二进制安装包安装

1. 下载安装包
   下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download

cd /apps/prometheus/2.33.1

wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.33.1/prometheus-2.33.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

2. 解压安装包

cd /apps/prometheus/2.33.1

tar -xzf prometheus-2.33.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz --strip-components 1

3. 创建存储目录

mkdir -p /apps/prometheus/2.33.1/data

4. 配置相关参数
   编辑 prometheus.yml 文件，内容如下：

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:    15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
   - targets:
     # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: 'prometheus'

   # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
   # scheme defaults to 'http'.

   static_configs:
   - targets: ['localhost:9090']

5. 启动服务

• 方式一：直接启动

cd /apps/prometheus/2.33.1

# 前台运行
./prometheus
# 后台运行
./prometheus --config.file=prometheus.yml  --web.enable-lifecycle > /apps/prometheus/2.33.1/logs/prometheus.log 2>&1 &

• 方式二：使用 systemctl 方式启动

vim /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service

[Unit]
Description=Prometheus Monitoring System
Documentation=Prometheus Monitoring System
After=network.target
 
[Service]
#User=root
#Group=root
Type=simple
# 启动脚本
ExecStart=/apps/prometheus/2.33.1/prometheus --config.file=/apps/prometheus/2.33.1/prometheus.yml --web.enable-lifecycle
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 重载
systemctl daemon-reload

# 配置开机启动
systemctl enable prometheus

# 启动
systemctl start prometheus

# 查看状态
systemctl status prometheus

# 停止
systemctl stop prometheus

6. 使用浏览器访问 Prometheus Server Web UI
   浏览器访问 9090 端口访问即可

使用 Docker 安装

1. 拉取镜像

docker pull prom/prometheus:2.33.1

2. 运行容器

docker run -p 9090:9090 -v /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml prom/prometheus

3. 使用浏览器访问 Prometheus Server Web UI
   浏览器访问 9090 端口即可

使用 Docker-compose 安装（推荐）

1. 目录准备
   创建相关目录：

mkdir pv /apps/prometheus/{conf,data,rules}

配置 data 目录权限：

chmod -R 777 /apps/prometheus/data/

2. 编辑 docker-compose.yml 文件

vim /apps/prometheus/docker-compose.yml

version: "3"
services:
  prometheus:
    image: prom/prometheus:v2.33.1
    container_name: prometheus-prometheus
    hostname: prometheus
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /apps/prometheus/data:/prometheus
      - /apps/prometheus/rules:/etc/prometheus/rules
      - /apps/prometheus/conf/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
    ports:
      - 9090:9090
    command: "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml --web.enable-lifecycle"
networks:
  default:
    external:
      name: prometheus

注：
上方的 --web.enable-lifecycle 为启动热加载，添加后可以通过 curl http://服务器IP:PrometheusServer端口号/-/reload -X POST 重载配置文件
3. 编辑 prometheus.yml 文件

vim /apps/prometheus/conf/prometheus.yml

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     5s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.

#alerting:
#  alertmanagers:
#  - static_configs:
#    - targets: ['localhost:9093']

rule_files:
  - "/etc/prometheus/rules/*.yml" 

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'prometheus'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:9090']

4. 创建 docker 网段 prometheus
   检查是否已有prometheus 网段：

docker network list

若没有则创建：

docker network create prometheus --subnet 10.21.22.0/24

5. 启动 prometheus 容器

cd /apps/prometheus

docker-compose up -d

6. 检查  prometheus 容器状态、查看 prometheus 容器日志

cd /apps/prometheus

docker-compose ps

docker-compose logs -f

7. 访问 Prometheus Server Web UI
   浏览器访问 9090 端口即可